The Microcomputer :: essays research papers

In a sense ready reckoners have been around for centuries. The abacus, a counting machine, was invented by the Chinese some era between 500 and cd BC. The numeral zero was first recognized and written by Hindoos in 650 AD, without which written calculations would be impossible. In 1623 the great grandad of the processor was born, the calculating clock. Wilhelm Schickard of Germany invented this adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing machine based on the principle of algorithms. For the near three coke years or so various machines were invented which could finish calculations nevertheless none were any vast improvement over Shickards clock, perhaps with the exception of Babbages punch card machine in 1832 (it was never finished). 1910 marked one of the most important times in the history of the computer with the invention of the first electrical automatic cipher machine, the Z1, designed by Konrad Zuse in Germany. Finally after three hundred years there was an advanc e worth writing home about, however the German government had no time for such things as WW1 began to passionateness through Europe, so sadly Zuses machine was also never completed. Nevertheless the idea had caught on, and the true father of digital computing, Alan Turing, developed the Colossus, a machine which could decipher code. Alan went on to write essays on the subject of soupy intelligence and began a revolution the likes of which would change the world. Turings works ar still referred to by computer scientists today.Finally in 1945 the first computer as we know it today was completed, ENIAC as it was called could perform calculations in hours which would take hold a human years to finish. ENIAC had plenty of drawbacks though, first and foremost its size, and second the 18,000 tubes it took to run it. ENIAC and UNIVAC, which came shortly after, were indisputably the greatest advances in technology of all time, but they were still useless to the mass majority due to size , cost and time of construction. The invention of the transistor in 1947 solved this problem for the most part, allowing computers to fuck off smaller and more reliable. But alas due to the cost totally the largest of private companies and governments could use the machines. By 1964 this had changed, International Business Machines or IBM as we know them today introduced the system 360 mainframe, a solid state equipage portable computer which could handle many types of data and allowed many stodgy businesses to enter the computer age.